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Nutrition Information |
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Is Vitamin E Beneficial Or Harmful? Cutting Through The Clutter Of Different Scientific Opinions
Numerous reports have recently appeared in both the lay and medical press questioning the value of vitamin E supplementation and suggesting that there are risks associated with its use even at doses previously thought to have been "safe". What do we do with the hundreds of studies and extensive clinical research that has been published in the medical literature suggesting benefit in cardiovascular disease, alzheimers, diabetes and other degenerative diseases? A search of the National Library of Medicine yields over 25,000 citations, many funded or sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and other prestigious medical and scientific organizations. A recent analysis of the same data by Stampfer et al470 revealed that the protective effect of vitamin E was attributable to supplemental vitamin E at pharmacological levels exceeding 100 IU per day. Since dietary intakes of alpha tocopherol in the United States typically range from 4 to 16 IU per day, the former level of intake would be extremely difficult to achieve from diet alone.804 Those women who took 100 mg. vitamin E supplements (in addition to 15mg of beta carotene daily) experienced a 36% reduction in myocardial infarction, and women with the highest dietary vitamin E intake, and who consumed vitamin E supplements daily for two years, had a 41% reduction in risk (multivariant risk 0.59).
Additionally, this is in agreement with recommendations of Denton Harmon, M.D. Ph.D., the father of the Free-Radical Theory of Aging (D. Harmon, J. Gerontol. 11, 298-300 (1956).) who recommends 400 IU of vitamin E daily (Life Extension Magazine, Interview, January 1998). DISCUSSION: What is Vitamin E? Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant vitamin that is involved in the metabolism of all cells. Vitamin E protects vitamin A and essential fatty acids from oxidation in the body cells and prevents breakdown of body tissues. Vitamin E is widely accepted to be the primary physiological antioxidant in man. 472,488,844,845,846 Vitamin E exists in eight different forms, each with its own biological activity and functional use in the body(Traber MG and Packer L. Vitamin E: Beyond antioxidant function. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;62:1501S-9S). Alpha-tocopherol is the name of the most active form of vitamin E in humans. It is also a powerful biological antioxidant (Traber MG. Vitamin E. In: Shils ME, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, ed. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 10th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1999:347-62). Vitamin E in supplements is usually sold as alpha-tocopheryl acetate, a form that protects its ability to function as an antioxidant. The synthetic form is labeled "D, L" while the natural form is labeled "D". The synthetic form is only half as active as the natural form (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2004. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 16-1). Epidemiology Regarding Vitamin E: Excessive alcohol consumption may have an adverse effect on serum antioxidant levels which is independent of nutritional status. Excessive consumption of alcohol has been associated with low serum vitamin E levels,499,889 malondialdehyde (MDA) markers of oxidative stress and free radical activity.889 Numerous studies have shown that alcoholics have lower serum beta carotene,901 alpha tocopherol,889 selenium,889 and ascorbic acid889 concentrations than control subjects who drink moderately. Supporting the hypothesis that heme iron acts as a pro-oxidant in vivo, and validating previous clinical research, Ascherio et al823 found that a high intake of antioxidant vitamin E may prevent the adverse cardiovascular effects of excess heme iron consumption,830,831,832,833 and concluded that oxidative stress resulting from smoking837 and hyperglycemia associated with diabetes834,835,836 may enhance it. Nutritional recommendations: Good Sources of Vitamin E Dr. Petrosino received his Baccalaureate degree from Penn State University in 1975, pursued his Masters degree with honors at Penn State in 1978, and graduated Summa Cum Laude with a Doctorate in Nutrition from Lasalle University (Mandeville) in 1995. His doctoral dissertation examined the effects of race and poverty on cardiovascular health. He was an Adjunct Professor of Nutrition at LaSalle University (1995-1999); a member of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Development Committee on Cardiovascular Disease; a Professional Member and Charter Member of the American Heart Association Scientific Council on Epidemiology and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease; a Professional Member and Charter Member of the American Heart Association Scientific Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism; a Professional Member of the American Heart Association Interdisciplinary Working Group on Functional Genomics and Translational Biology; an Allied Health Care Practitioner member of the....
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MORE RESOURCES: 11 Extraordinary Vacation Rentals You'll NEVER Regret Booking House Beautiful No More Vacation Rentals In Maui. Here's How The Mayor's Plan To Strip The Island of Short-Term Rental Will Affect The Economy Yahoo Finance Plan To Convert Maui Vacation Rentals To Long-Term Housing Delayed Honolulu Civil Beat Community invited to briefing about proposed registration process for short-term vacation rentals Big Island Now Resources for Vacation Rentals for Springs Protection Alachua County Design Within Reach just turned this iconic Palm Desert house into a shoppable vacation home Fast Company Couple who owns Manasota Key vacation rentals welcomes first renters since Hurricanes Helene, Milton FOX 13 Tampa Bay Coast rental is Mississippi’s most desired rental on Airbnb. Here’s why Biloxi Sun Herald Study: Maui Should Phase Out Vacation Rentals With Caution Honolulu Civil Beat Maui Council To Take Up Bill Phasing Out Vacation Rentals This Summer Honolulu Civil Beat Capital One Travel Adds Vacation Rentals — And You Can Earn 5x Miles on Venture Cards Upgraded Points Pinellas County to begin enforcing new vacation rental rules Tampa Bay Times Santa Cruz County moves to rein in vacation rentals Lookout Santa Cruz Cape Coral council member advocating for more lodging options in the city Gulf Coast News and Weather - Southwest Florida News Hoping To End Vacation Rental Rancor Nantucket Current iTrip Orlando in Davenport Visit Florida Dear Annie: Is it wrong to ask friends to help pay for my anniversary vacation home rental? SILive.com The Best Vacation Rental Travel Insurance for 2025 U.S. News & World Report The 9 Most Remarkable Airbnb Treehouses You’ll Ever Stay At Outside Magazine What’s next for vacation rentals in South Lake Tahoe? City places 45-day hold after Measure T ruling KUNR Vacation rentals rebound on Anna Maria Island as tourism picks up after 2024 hurricanes Bay News 9 It's Not Your Imagination: Palm Coast Homes Used as Vacation Rentals Increase by 70% in 2 Years, to Over 500 FlaglerLive Cocoa Beach hikes fees to operate vacation rentals Florida Today Is it too late to book your Cape vacation? Summer rentals are off to a strong start. The Boston Globe Judge strikes down South Lake Tahoe vacation rental limits San Francisco Chronicle Gulf Shores Rentals Gulf Shores & Orange Beach Tourism Vrbo Just Released Its Top Vacation Homes for 2025—and We're Ready to Book Our Next Trip veranda.com Vrbo reveals its 2025 vacation rentals of the year Short Term Rentals - News North County Report: More Vacation Rentals, More Problems Voice of San Diego Jersey Shore summer rentals: Here's the good news and bad news for landlords, renters Asbury Park Press Maui mayor's plan to phase out vacation rentals would increase housing but shrink the economy The Independent Manatee County Commission votes to pursue regulation of short-term vacation rentals Sarasota Herald-Tribune With 2025 NFL Draft in Green Bay days away, Airbnb prices have dropped. Here's why Green Bay Press-Gazette Our Favorite Vacation Homes in America’s Most Beautiful Small Towns Condé Nast Traveler Palm Springs eases vacation rental rules in effort to aid Los Angeles area wildfire evacuees The Palm Springs Post Honolulu fails to collect millions in short-term rental fines Hawaii News Now Groups file suit against Gallatin County over vacation rental ban Missoula Current Norfolk City Council approves amendment to ban short-term vacation rentals in West Freemason 13newsnow.com San Diego needs more money to enforce vacation rentals so it’s raising licensing fees San Diego Union-Tribune Indian Rocks Beach votes to weaken vacation rental rules ABC Action News Tampa Bay Capitalizing on the $147 Billion Vacation Rental Market GlobeNewswire Why Hawaii Vacation Rentals Plummeted To 52% Beat of Hawaii New vacation rental company launched in Lincoln County newportnewstimes.com Why rich Americans are ditching their fancy hotels on vacation Business Insider Vacation rental boom inflates housing prices in WA mountain town Cascade PBS News Hill Country oasis makes new list of best vacation rentals in the U.S. CultureMap Fort Worth 'Nuisance': How vacation rentals have changed Sedona's housing market The Arizona Republic Flamingo hotel operator is now offering luxury vacation rentals complete with concierge service The Press Democrat Indian Rocks Beach to fight vacation rental lawsuit Tampa Bay Times Citing housing crisis, Santa Cruz County supervisors take aim at vacation rentals Lookout Santa Cruz AI-Powered Travel Trends and the Smart-Bot Tsunami: The Future of Personalized Vacation Rentals GlobeNewswire |
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